Calcinosis is a condition that develops when hardened sheets or lumps of calcium form under the skin in muscles or fatty tissue. Juvenile dermatomyostis, a disease that causes skin rashes and muscle weakness, is one underlying condition associated with calcium cysts. Calcium deposits are found in about 30 percent of children who have the disease, according to the Myositis Association. Calcium deposits can be as large as a grapefruit or as small as a pea.
Juvenile Dermatomyostis
A skin rash usually is one of the first signs of juvenile dermatomyostis. Red or purple skin blotches often appear on the eyelids or cheeks. Children then begin having muscle weakness, often noticeable when they experience troubling standing or walking. They may complain of muscle pain. Hardened lumps of calcium may appear just underneath the skin and be sensitive to the touch. Children also may have trouble swallowing or speaking and complain of stomachaches.
Infection
A kidney infection can lead to a build-up of calcium and cause deposits, or cysts, which form kidney stones. Small, crystallized calcium cysts usually pass freely in your urinary tract, but if they become larger, they can cause severe abdominal pain. While usually more common in adults, children can develop the calcium deposits that cause kidney stones after a urinary tract infection, according to KidsHealth. Children with a family history of kidney stones are at a higher risk of developing the excess calcium condition. In addition to the pain, you'll usually see blood in your child's urine if the calcium deposits lead to kidney stones.
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases or trauma can cause calcium cysts to form on top of the skin when there is too much calcium in a child's body. The calcification can stay in one spot and remain localized for a period of time or may be widespread in the body. A disease that causes an excessive production of calcium may end up creating a cyst, according to Celal Bayar University. Underlying conditions that can cause the excess calcium buildup include hypoparathyroidism, parathyroid disorders or excessive milk consumption.
Genetics
Children can have a genetic disposition to develop calcium cysts. Subepidermal calcium deposits formed just below the surface of the skin are most commonly seen in newborns, according to Celal Bayar University. While multiple lesions on the face may indicate the location of the calcium deposits, babies born with the condition usually have a single, yellowish bump on their faces.
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